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 Course Description:  AP European History is a college-level survey of the history of the continent from 1450-1990 introducing students to cultural, economic, political, and social developments that have played a fundamental role in shaping the world in which they live. Without this knowledge, we lack the context for understanding the development of contemporary institutions, the role of the continuity and change in present day society and politics, and the evolution of current forms of artistic expression and intellectual discourse. At the end of each chapter, there is a multiple choice assessment. Students will be expected to evaluate primary source material independently and collectively. Source material is from: primary source documents, reserved texts, vetted websites, previously released AP exams, as well as original items and prompts; including DBQs and FRQs. Students will regularly produce essay responses to AP-style Free Response and Document Based Questions. The course is very dependent upon authentic primary sources as well as class lecture, discussion, and collaboration. Students will write a college-level term paper due by the end of 3rd quarter. In fourth quarter, students will write a critical paper on historiography of the 20th century. It is expected that all students will take the AP European History exam.  Reserved Text:  The Western Heritage, Eighth Edition, Kagan, Ozment, and Turner (on reserve in media center)  Selected Web Resources:  The Internet History Sourcebook: []  <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">BBC History of England: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">e-Books: <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Prince, Nicola Machiavelli <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Letter Concerning Toleration, John Locke <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Candide, Voltaire <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Animal Farm, George Orwell <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will be working online on a daily basis throughout the course and therefore must have an operable device/computer. Students are expected to adhere to the highest levels of digital citizenship online; any issues that arise would be addressed by the Dean of Students. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contact me at: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I am available in the TV Studio for student/parent conferences anytime I'm not teaching a class. You are welcome to stop by. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase;">ESSAY/PROJECT GRADES ** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">95 = A  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">90 = A-   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">88 = B+   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">85 = B   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">80 = B-   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">78 = C+   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">75 = C   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">70 = C-   ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">First Quarter  **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">DBQ & FRQ Question Topics **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Norman Invasion; Allocation of Blame for Black Death; Rise of Nations: Hundred Years War; Great Schism; Bias in Ricardian and Lancastrian texts; Legitimacy of the Act of Supremacy; Influence of the Medici; Elizabethan Social History; Comparing Protestant Reformers <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Quarter Paper ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Analysis of ‘The Prince’ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Prologue: The European Middle Ages, the War of the Roses, and the Rise of the Tudors <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">William of Malmesbury: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Battle of Hastings, 1066]; [|Laws of William the Conqueror]; [|The Domesday Book]; <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Magna Carta], 1215; <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Roger of Hoveden: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|//The Chronicle//][|: On the Disputes between Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury and King Henry II of England], early 13th c.; <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flores Historiarum <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">: On William Wallace and Robert the Bruce, c. 1307; The Declaration of Arbroath; Ordinance of Laborers, 1349:  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Jean Froissart: on the Jacquerie, 1358: The Confession of Agimet of Geneva, Châtel, October 20, <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1348 and The Cremation of Strasbourg Jewry St. Valentine's Day, February 14, 1349 and The Epitaph of Asher aben Turiel, Toledo, Spain, 1349** ; **  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Jean Froissart: [|Battles of Crecy 1346, of Poitiers 1356], from Chronicles; Jean Froissart: [|The Jacquerie] , 1358, from Chronicles; [|The Hundred Years War In The High Court of Parlement] , trans Fred Cheyette; [|Battle of Agincourt, 1415] , Enguerrand de Monstrelet (d.1453), governor of Cambrai and supporter of the French crown; <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Ballad of Bosworth Field]  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> 16th century; <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Polydore Vergil: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Anglica Historia, Books 23-25]; Horace Walpole: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|//Historic Doubts on the Life and Reign of King Richard III//], 1768  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Britain and Ireland: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">France: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Influence of the Catholic Church · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Feudal economy · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Crusades o <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Primary sources: [] · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Formal split: Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodix Church (1054) · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Norman Invasion (1066) · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">European Jews · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Black Death · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hundred Years’ War · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gunpowder · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Printing Press · <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">War of the Roses <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Primary Sources ** <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dante Alighieri (1265-1321): //<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Divine Comedy; Petrarch (selected letters); // <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375): [|The Decameron]; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[|Leonardo da Vinci], 1550; Lorenzo de Medici (1449-1492): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[|//Paternal Advice to A Cardinal//], c. 1491; Baldesar Castiglione (1478-1529): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[|The Book of the Courtier], translated by Sir Thomas Hoby (1561) <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Florence: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Rome: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venice: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Power Politics on the Italian Peninsula <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">City-states / Principalities <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Social Class Conflict <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Niccolo Machiavelli <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intellectual Trends / Humanism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Petrach <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dante <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Boccaccio <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level3 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Art <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Dante Alighieri (1265-1321): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|//Divine Comedy: Inferno XIX//]; Desiderius Erasmus (ca. 1469-1536): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Praise of Folly] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">( //<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Moriae Encomium // <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">), 1509; Thomas More (1478-1535): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Utopia], 1516; Martin Luther (1483-1546): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|95 Theses], 1517; Martin Luther (1483-1546): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letter to Archbishop of Mainz [On Indulgences]], 1517; John Calvin: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letter to the King]; [|The Schleitheim Confession], adopted by a Swiss Brethren Conference, February 24, 1527; Henry VIII (r.1509-1547): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Act of Supremacy] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1534; [|The Book of Common Prayer], 1662; James I & VI (b.1566, r. 1566 {Scotland), r. {England} 1603 - 1625): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|True Law of Free Monarchies], 1598; [|The Gunpowder-Plot], 1605; Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Leviathan], 1651; De Thou (1553-1617): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|St. Bartholemew's Day Massacre] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1572; Oliver Cromwell: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letter to his Brother-in-Law after the Battle of Marston Moor], 1644; [|English Bill of Rights], 1689; Samuel Pepys: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Concise Pepys Diary]  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany / H.R.E.: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Low Countries: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Society and Religion <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Social and Political Conflict <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Martin Luther and the Indulgence Controversy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Peasant Revolt <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Swiss Reformation <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ulrich Zwingli <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Anabaptists and Radical Protestants <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Calvin <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Peace of Augsburg <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The English Reformation <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Henry VIII <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Catholic Offensive and Counter Reformation <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ignatius Loyola <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Council of Trent <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Literary Figures <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Miguel de Cervantes <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">William Shakespeare <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">French Wars of Religion <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Decline of the Valois <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Catherine d Medici <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The French Civil War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Henry IV  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Discovery of North America by Leif Ericsson], c. 1000 from //<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Saga of Eric the Red, (1387); // <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Vasco da Gama (1460-1524): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Round Africa to India], 1497-1498 CE; [|Privileges and Prerogatives Granted by Their Catholic Majesties to Christopher Columbus], 1492; Christopher Columbus: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Selections from Journal], 1492; Amerigo Vespucci (1452-1512): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Account of His First Voyage], 1497; John Cabot (c.1450-1499): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Voyage to North America], 1497  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Library of Congress ‘An Ongoing Voyage’: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Spanish-Franco-Anglo Rivalry in the New World <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Colonialism in the New World <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mercantilism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Joint-Venture Companies <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Piracy <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Phillip II of Spain (1527-1598): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letters, 1592-1597]; Cardinal Richelieu: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Political Testament], 1624; Jean Domat (1625-1696): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On Social Order and Absolute Monarchy], 1697; Louis XIV: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Revocation of the Edict of Nantes], October 22, 1685; Duc de Saint-Simon: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Court of Louis XIV]; The Duchess of Orleans: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Versailles Etiquette], 1704; Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On Cannibals], 1580; Blaise Pascal (1623-1662): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Penseés]; Francois Rabelais (1494-1593): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Five Books of the Lives, Heroic Deeds and Sayings of Gargantua and Pantagruel]; Catherine the Great of Russia: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Various Documents on Enlightenment and Government]; <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources include:  [|The Dutch Declaration of Independence], 1581; John Milton (1608-1674): [|Areopagitica],1643; John Locke (1632-1704): [|A Letter Concerning Toleration], 1689; John Locke (1632-1704): [|Second Treatise on Government]; Voltaire (1694-1778): [|On English Government], from  //<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Philosophical Dictionary // , 1764   <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources:  ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">France: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Spain: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Eastern Europe: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Golden Age of Spain <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">England and Spain <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Thirty Years War and the German Question <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Causes <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Four Phases of War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Treaty of Westphalia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">German unity shattered <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Absolutism in England <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">James I <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charles I  <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">English Civil War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Oliver Cromwell <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interregnum <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restoration <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charles II <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">James II  <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Glorious Revolution of 1688 <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> o <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">William and Mary <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Louis XIV and the Fronde <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cardinal Mazarin <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wars of Louis XIV <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">War of Devolution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dutch Wars <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">King William’s War or the Nine Years’War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">War of the Spanish Succession <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">DBQ & FRQ Question Topics **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Galileo and the Heliocentric Debate, The Enlightenment and Religion, Causes of the French Revolution, The Reign of Terror, Causes of the Rise of Napoleon, the Industrial Revolution, the Rise of Political Parties <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Quarter Paper ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Paper on Church vs. Science / or / on the Political Consequences of the Industrial Revolution <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nicholas Copernicus: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies], 1543; Tycho Brahe: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Life]; Johannes Kepler: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Laws of Planetary Motion]; Galileo Galilei (1564-1642): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letter to the Duchess Christina of Tuscany]; [|The Crime of Galileo: Indictment] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1633; [|Index of Forbidden Books]; Francis Bacon (1561-1626): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The New Atlantis]; Réne Descartes (1596-1650): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Discourse on Method], 1637; Réne Descartes (1596-1650): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Méditations], 1641; Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy]; Voltaire (1694-1778): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On The Royal Society And Other Academies] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">from Letters on the English or //<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Lettres Philosophiques, // <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">c. 1778 <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Galileo's Pendulum Experiments] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">- a modern recreation <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nicholaus Copernicus <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tycho Brahe <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Johannes Kepler <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Galileo Galilei <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Isaac Newton <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Francis Bacon <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rene Descartes <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Denis Diderot (1713-1784): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Encyclopedie]; Voltaire (1694-1778): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letters on the English]; Voltaire (1694-1778): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Candide], 1759; Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755):[|The Spirit of the Laws], 1748; Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-78): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Second Discourse on the Origins of Inequality], 1755; Jean Jacques Rousseau: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Social Contract], 1763; Jonathan Swift: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|A Modest Proposal]; Condorcet (1743-94): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On the Future Progress of the Human Mind], 1794; Adam Smith (1723-90): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Wealth of Nations]; David Hume: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Of the Dignity or Meanness of Human Nature]; Immanuel Kant (1724-1804): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Critique of Pure Reason], 1781; Daniel Defoe: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On The Education Of Women], 1719; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Selected Prose and Poetry]; John Locke (1632-1704): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|An Essay Concerning Human Understanding]; Jeremy Bentham: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Defence of Usury], 1787; James Boswell: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Life of Samuel Johnson] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philosophy/Historiography: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Michel Foucault (1926-84): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|What is Enlightenment?] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Britain and Ireland: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Germany: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">France: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Formative Influences <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Locke <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Isaac Newton <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Denis Diderot and the //Encyclopedia// <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Enlightenment and Religion <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Toleration <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Enlightenment and Economic Thought <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Physiocrats <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adam Smith and Capitalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Political thought and the Enlightenment <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Abbe Sieyes, What is the Third Estate?, Declaration of the Rights of Man, Cahier de Doleance, Civil Constitution of the Clergy, Proclamation of the Duke of <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brunswick, Levee en Masse, Maximilien Robespierre: The Cult of the Supreme Being, Declaration of the Rights of Women, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, The Execution of Louis XVI, Edmund Burke, On the Death of Marie Antionette, The Trial of Olympe de Gouge, //La Marseillaise,// The Execution of Louis XVI, Art- //Death of Marat//, David <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">France: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">French Revolution: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Crisis of the French Monarchy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Financial problems <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Opposition of the 1st and 2nd Estates <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolution of 1789 <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Political consequences <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reconstruction and Radical Revolution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Europe at War with the Revolution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Reign of Terror and Thermidorian Reaction <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rise and Fall of Robespierre <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Establishment of the Directory <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Speech to Troops], 1796 ; Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Farewell to the Old Guard], 1814  ; Madame de Rémusat: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Remembrances of Napoleon]  ; Charles O'Malley: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Wellington's Crossing of the Douro], 1809  ; <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Return of Napoleon from Elba, 1815 <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">France: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Waterloo Interactive Battle Simulator (from PBS): []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Napoleon’s Empire <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Conquering an Empire <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Continental System <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Napoleonic Wars and Settlement <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Abraham Cowley (1618-1667): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Of Agriculture], 1650; Arnold Toynbee (1852-1883): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England]; James Watt (1736-1819): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Steam Engine], c. 1769; William Radcliffe: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Origin of...Power Loom Weaving], 1828; Edwin Chadwick (1803-1890): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Report on Sanitary Conditions], 1842; Michael Faraday: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Observations on the Filth of the Thames], contained in a letter addressed to the Editor of " The Times" Newspaper, 1855; [|The Peterloo Massacre], 1819; Friedrich Engels: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Industrial Manchester], 1844; Florence Nightingale (1820-1910): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Rural Hygiene]; Charles Dickens: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Hard Times], Chapter 2; Andrew Carnegie (1835­1919): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Gospel of Wealth], 1889; Edmund Burke (1729-1797): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Reflections on the Revolution in France], 1791; Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Utilitarian Follies]; John Henry Newman (1801-1890): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Who is to Blame?]; Carl von Clausewitz: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Principles of War], 1818 <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Britain: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">France: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Key Bridge Steam Museum: [] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Industrial Revolution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Family and Society <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changing role of Women <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Classic Economics <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comparative Economic Systems <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolutions of 1848 <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Challenges of Nationalism and Liberalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Conservative Governments <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Holy Alliance <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Liberalism and Nationalism opposed <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Congress System <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Threats to Conservatism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Russia: Decembrists <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolution of 1830, The July Monarchy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Belgium becomes independent <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Great Reform Bill in Britain <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">DBQ & FRQ Question Topics **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The rise of modern nations; Hegelian Concept of History; Influence of Marx; Modernism in the Arts and in Architecture; Causes and Results of WWI ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Quarter Paper ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">10 – 12 page term paper on European History topic of the student’s choosing. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744-1803): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Materials for the Philosophy of the History of Mankind], 1784 ; Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Patriot]  ; Richard Price: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Discourse on the Love of Country], 1789  ; Prince Ukhtomskii: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Russia's Imperial Destiny], 1891  ; Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762­1814): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Addresses to the German Nation], 1806  ; Giuseppe Mazzini (1802-1872): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|An Essay On the Duties of Man Addressed to Workingmen]  ; Louis Kossuth (1802-1894): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Speech in Washington DC], January 7, 1852  ; Daniel O'Connell (1775-1847): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Justice for Ireland], Speech to House of Commons, Feb 4, 1836  ; Theodor Herzl (1860-1904): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On the Jewish State], 1896  ; Ernst Moritz Arndt: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The German Fatherland]  <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Challenges of Nationalism and Liberalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Conservative Governments <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Holy Alliance <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Liberalism and Nationalism opposed <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Congress System <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Threats to Conservatism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Russia: Decembrists <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolution of 1830, The July Monarchy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Belgium becomes independent <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Great Reform Bill in Britain <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-78): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Confessions], 1782 ; J. C. Friedrich Von Schiller (1759-1805): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Letters Upon The Aesthetic Education of Man], 1794  ; Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|"Einleitung in die Propylaen"]  ; Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Defence of Poetry], 1819  ; Thomas de Quincey: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Confessions of an English Opium Eater]  ; Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|An Ode to Joy]  <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">;  <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Faust], 1808  ; William Wordsworth (1770-1850): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Tintern Abbey]  ; Music of Beethoven <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">France: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Germany: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">England: []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Romanticism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Romantic Literature <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Religion during the Romantic Period <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Herder and culture <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hegel and History <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Painting and Sculpture <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">King Victor Emmanuel: Address to Parliament, Rome; Garibaldi, Report on the Conquest of Naples; Documents of German Unification; Count von Beust: Memoirs of the //Ausgleich//, //The Watch on the Rhine//; Political Cartoon: King Winter Orders a Truce <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">More on German Unification: <span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">@http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/germanunification.html <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unraveling the Concert of Europe <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Crimean War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Italian Unification <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">German Unification <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fall of the 2nd Empire <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nationalism in Austria <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Russia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reforms of Alexander II <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolutionaries <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Britain: Lurching Towards Democracy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Reform Act <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Gladstone’s Great Ministry <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disraeli in Office <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Irish Question <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Sigmund Freud: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Civilization & Die Weltanschauung], 1918 <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Karl Marx (1818-83) and Frederich Engels (1820-1895): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Communist Manifesto]  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Louis Pasteur (1822-1895): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Germ Theory and Its Applications to Medicine and Surgery], 1878  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Joseph Lister (1827-1912): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Antiseptic Principle of The Practice of Surgery], 1867  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Charles Darwin (1809-1882): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On the Origin of Species], 1859  ; J. H. Gladstone: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Points of Supposed Collision Between the Scriptures and Natural Science], 1872  ; <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Art of Impressionists, Post-Impressionists, Picasso / Cubism; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Albert Einstein (1879-1955): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The General Theory of Relativity], part of a lecture at Princeton 1921  ; Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On the Sufferings of the World]  ; Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Present Age]  ; Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Rebellion and the Grand Inquisitor]  ; Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Gay Science]  ; William James (1842-1910): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Essays in Radical Empiricism]  ; Lugwig Wittgenstein: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus]  ; Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Poems]  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MoMA: Post Impressionism: []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Modernism []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Science at Midcentury <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Darwin <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Marx <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Science and Ethics <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fin de Siecle; Intellectual trends of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revolution in Physics <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Literature; Realism and Naturalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Freud and the birth of Psychoanalysis <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Racism and the resurgence of Anti-Semitism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Women and Modern Thought <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Antifeminism in late Century thought <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">New directions in Feminism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Culture <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Art: From Impressionism to Cubism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Friedrich Nietzche and the Revolt Against Reason <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Birth of Psychoanalysis <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Semiology <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Dual Alliance Between Austria-Hungary and Germany], October 7, 1879 <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ;  <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Young Turks: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Proclamation for the Ottoman Empire], 1908  //<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; // <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Bernard Grant: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Flight of the Turks from Lule-Burgas], 1912  //<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> ; The Dual Alliance //<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">, //The Dreikaiserbund//, The Triple Alliance, The Reinsurance Treaty, //On the Nature of War,// Moltke, Yeats, //The Second Coming,// The Zimmerman Note, John McCrae, //In Flanders Field,// Wilfred Owen: //Dulce et Decorum Est//, Pope Benedict XV's Peace Note of 1 August 1917; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Captain Manfred Freiherr von Richthofen [The Red Baron] (1892-1918): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Air Warfare]  ; Fritz Kreisler: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Four Weeks in the Trenches], 1915  ; Erich Maria Remarque: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|All Quiet on the Western Front]  ; Woodrow Wilson: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Fourteen Points], Jan 8,1918  ; [|The Treaty of Versailles], June 28, 1919<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">BBC History: WWI: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Great War (from PBS): []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Age of European Hegemony <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Imperialism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Social Impact <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Economic Impact <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Religious Impact <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Politics <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Emergence of the German Empire <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Bismarckian Diplomacy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">World War I <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Long-range causes <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term causes <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nature of Modern Warfare <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">World War I Poetry <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">End of World War I <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Settlement at Paris <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">DBQ & FRQ Question Topics **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Trotsky vs. Stalin; Causes of the Second World War; Propaganda; The Fall of Empires <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Quarter Paper ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Historiography Examined <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Historiography is the “history of history”. In this five to seven page paper, you will be examining critical and scholarly responses to your choice of: Orwell’s politics and the portrayal of Stalin in the contemporary media; critical accounts of the Nuremberg Trials; Existentialism and Continental Philosophy’s response to WWII and the Holocaust; Art criticism addressing the shift of the center of the art world ‘out’ of Europe; histories and revisionist histories of the Cold War. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Vladimir Illyich Lenin (1870-1924): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Our Programme], 1899; Vladimir Illyich Lenin (1870-1924): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|What is to Be Done?], 1902; [|Manifesto of 17 October 1905]; [|The Bolsheviks], Russian SDP Program, 1 Aug 1903; Tsar Nicholas II, <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Abdication], March 15, 1917; [|Resolutions adopted by the First All-Russian Congress of Soviest], June 1917; Vladmir Illyich Lenin (1870-1924): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Call to Power], Oct 24, 1917; Josef Stalin (1879-1953): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Trotskyism or Leninism?] <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1924; Josef Stalin (1879-1953): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Industrialization of the Country], 1928; [|Memorandum on the Grain Problem], 1932 <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Agit-prop art: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Battleship Potemkin <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Social Realism: []<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">George Orwell, Animal Farm <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Russian Revolution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fall of the Czar <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Establishing a Provisional Government <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Soviet Experiment Begins <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">War Communism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">NEP <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stalin v. Trotsky <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Third International <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Maynard Keynes: The Economic Consequences of the Peace,1920; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Benito Mussolini (1883-1945): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|What is Fascism?], 1932; Adolf Hitler: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Mein Kampf]; Adolf Hitler: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Reichstag Speech], February 20, 1938; Pope Pius XI (b. 1857. pope. 1922-1939): <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On the Church and the German Reich (Mit Brennender Sorge)], 14 Mar 1937 [At the Vatican], compare <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|On Atheistic Communism (Divini Redemptoris)], 19 Mar 1937 [At the Vatican] <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">  <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">  <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources  ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Nazi Propaganda: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Spanish Civil War Posters] at UC-San Diego <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Towards the Great Depression <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Financial Tailspin <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depression and Reaction <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Confronting the Great Depression in the Democracies <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The National Government in Britain <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Popular Front in France <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Rise of Nazism and the Fall of the Weimar Republic <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Italy: Fascist Economics <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Neville Chamberlain: <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|Peace in Our Time], 1938 <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|The Munich Pact], 29 Sep. 1938  <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">; The Yalta Conference; <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[|World War II - Documents], 1940-45 [At Yale]  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">BBC World War Two: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> History of WWII: [] <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Again the Road Towards War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hitler’s Goals <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Italy attacks Ethiopia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Remilitarization of the Rhineland <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Spanish Civil War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Austria and Czechoslovakia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">World War II <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The German Conquest of Europe <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Battle of Britain <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Attack and Betrayal: Spanish Civil War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Austria and Czechoslovakia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Final Solution <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Domestic Fronts <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany: Snatching defeat from the jaws of victory <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The French Resistance and Vichy France <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Great Britain- Organization for Victory <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">USSR- The Great Patriotic War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Axis Occupation <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Preparation for Peace <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Atlantic Charter <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tehran- Agreement on a Second Front <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yalta <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Potsdam <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Primary Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Marshall Plan; <span style="color: blue; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">www.nato.int <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">, <span style="color: blue; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">@http://europa.eu/index_ns_en.htm <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">, <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Truman Doctrine, //De-Stalinization//, Khrushchev’s Secret Speech, //Warsaw// //Pact Justifies the Invasion of Czechoslovakia// <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Visual Sources ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cold War International History Project at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">[] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Essentials ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">State Violence in 20th Century Europe <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Women in Early 20th Century Authoritarian Regimes <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Italy <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Soviet Union <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stalinism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Collectivization <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Attack on Religion <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Urbanization <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Austria and Czechoslovakia <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">20th Century Movement of People <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Emergence of the Modern Welfare State <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Modern Feminism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Americanization of Europe <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Marshall Plan <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">NATO <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Emergence of the Cold War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Post Stalin USSR <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">De-Stalinization <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Khrushchev’s Domestic Politics <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Three Crises of 1956 <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Later Cold War Confrontations <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Decolonization <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Western European Politics during the Cold War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Toward Western European Cooperation <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">EEC <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">European Community and the Euro <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Brezhnev Era <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Detente <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Invasion of Afghanistan <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Communism and Solidarity in Poland <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Relations with the Reagan Administration <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Collapse of European Communism <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Gorbachev redirects the Soviet Union <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">1989, Year of the Revolutions <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Yeltsin Decade <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Collapse of Yugoslavia and Civil War <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ethnic Cleansing <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The New World Order <span style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"> · <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Commonwealth of Independent States <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">AP European History **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 1 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 2 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Renaissance in Italy
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 3 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Reformation, The Northern Renaissance: Germany and the Netherlands and the Elizabethan Age in England, Wars of Religion, and Civil Wars
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 4 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Age of Discovery
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 5 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Age of Absolutism in Western Europe and in Eastern Europe and Constitutionalism in England and the Dutch Republic
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Second Quarter **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 6 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Scientific Revolution
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 7 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Enlightenment
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 8 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The French Revolution
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 9 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: Napoleon
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 10 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Industrial Revolution // Conservatism and Liberalism
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Third Quarter **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 11 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: Nationalism (1815 – 1848)
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 12 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: Romanticism
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 13 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Age of Realpolitik / Nation-States (1848 – 1871)
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 14 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Age of Mass Politics / Socialism and Marx / the Birth of Modernism (1871 – 1915)
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 15 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: Imperialism and World War One
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Fourth Quarter **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 16 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Russian Revolution / Stalinism
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 17 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Fascists and the Nazis
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 18 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: World War Two: The European Theatre
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 19 **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: The Cold War in Europe / The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe